S. No. | IEEE TITLE | ABSTRACT | IEEE YEAR |
1 | Cognitive and Opportunistic Relay for QoS Guarantees in Machine-to-Machine Communications | Deploying spectrum sharing machine-to-machine (M2M) communications with the existing wireless networks achieves ubiquitous data transportation among objects and the surrounding environment to benefit our daily life. However, the lack of schemes to completely characterize M2M network topology, to efficiently share radio resource, and to provide quality-of-service (QoS) guarantee regarding end-to-end delay creates challenges to practically facilitate M2M communications. Via mathematical derivations, the network connectivity, degree distribution, and average distance are provided for large M2M networks. To achieve reliable communications upon such M2M networks, inspired by cognitive radio technology and cooperative communications, a cognitive and opportunistic relay (COR) scheme is proposed. Specifically, machines with the proposed COR autonomously sense the primary systems’ spectrum usage so as to mitigate detractive interference and adopt opportunistic forwarder selection for lower link delay of packet transmissions. Furthermore, by analytical deriving the effective capacity of the COR over connected M2M networks, the throughput under statistical QoS guarantee and the corresponding delay violation probability are proposed to specify the QoS guarantee capability of the networks and thus suggest the conditions of dependable end-to-end transmissions. Simulation results confirm that the proposed COR effectively achieves the delay guarantee performance, to yield a novel framework for facilitating reliable M2M communications in large machine networks. | 2016 |
2 | Contact-Aware Data Replication in Roadside Unit Aided Vehicular Delay Tolerant Networks | Roadside units (RSUs), which enable vehicles-to-infrastructure communications, are deployed along roadsides to handle the ever-growing communication demands caused by explosive increase of vehicular traffics. How to efficiently utilize them to enhance the vehicular delay tolerant network (VDTN) performance are the important problems in designing RSU-aided VDTNs. In this work, we implement an extensive experiment involving tens of thousands of operational vehicles in Beijing city. Based on this newly collected Beijing trace and the existing Shanghai trace, we obtain some invariant properties for communication contacts of large scale RSU-aided VDTNs. Specifically, we find that the contact time between RSUs and vehicles obeys an exponential distribution, while the contact rate between them follows a Poisson distribution. According to these observations, we investigate the problem of communication contact-aware mobile data replication for RSU-aided VDTNs by considering the mobile data dissemination system that transmits data from the Internet to vehicles via RSUs through opportunistic communications. In particular, we formulate the communication contact-aware RSU-aided vehicular mobile data dissemination problem as an optimization problem with realistic VDTN settings, and we provide an efficient heuristic solution for this NP-hard problem. By carrying out extensive simulation using realistic vehicular traces, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed heuristic contact-aware data replication scheme, in comparison with the optimal solution and other existing schemes. | 2016 |
3 | Detecting Colluding Blackhole and Greyhole Attacks in Delay Tolerant Networks | Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) is developed to cope with intermittent connectivity and long delay in wireless networks. Due to the limited connectivity, DTN is vulnerable to blackhole and greyhole attacks in which malicious nodes intentionally drop all or part of the received messages. Although existing proposals could accurately detect the attack launched by individuals, they fail to tackle the case that malicious nodes cooperate with each other to cheat the defense system. In this paper, we suggest a scheme called Statistical-based Detection of Blackhole and Greyhole attackers (SDBG) to address both individual and collusion attacks. Nodes are required to exchange their encounter record histories, based on which other nodes can evaluate their forwarding behaviors. To detect the individual misbehavior, we define forwarding ratio metrics that can distinguish the behavious of attackers from normal nodes. Malicious nodes might avoid being detected by colluding to manipulate their forwarding ratio metrics. To continuously drop messages and promote the metrics at the same time, attackers need to create fake encounter records frequently and with high forged numbers of sent messages. We exploit the abnormal pattern of appearance frequency and number of sent messages in fake encounters to design a robust algorithm to detect colluding attackers. Extensive simulation shows that our solution can work with various dropping probabilities and different number of attackers per collusion at high accuracy and low false positive. | 2016 |
4 | Detecting Node Failures in Mobile Wireless Networks: A Probabilistic Approach | Detecting node failures in mobile wireless networks is very challenging because the network topology can be highly dynamic, the network may not be always connected, and the resources are limited. In this paper, we take a probabilistic approach and propose two node failure detection schemes that systematically combine localized monitoring, location estimation and node collaboration. Extensive simulation results in both connected and disconnected networks demonstrate that our schemes achieve high failure detection rates (close to an upper bound) and low false positive rates, and incur low communication overhead. Compared to approaches that use centralized monitoring, our approach has up to 80 percent lower communication overhead, and only slightly lower detection rates and slightly higher false positive rates. In addition, our approach has the advantage that it is applicable to both connected and disconnected networks while centralized monitoring is only applicable to connected networks. Compared to other approaches that use localized monitoring, our approach has similar failure detection rates, up to 57 percent lower communication overhead and much lower false positive rates (e.g., 0.01 versus 0.27 in some settings). | 2016 |
5 | Energy and Memory Efficient Clone Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks | In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient location-aware clone detection protocol in densely deployed WSNs, which can guarantee successful clone attack detection and maintain satisfactory network lifetime. Specifically, we exploit the location information of sensors and randomly select witnesses located in a ring area to verify the legitimacy of sensors and to report detected clone attacks. The ring structure facilitates energy-efficient data forwarding along the path towards the witnesses and the sink. We theoretically prove that the proposed protocol can achieve 100 percent clone detection probability with trustful witnesses. We further extend the work by studying the clone detection performance with untrustful witnesses and show that the clone detection probability still approaches 98 percent when 10 percent of witnesses are compromised. Moreover, in most existing clone detection protocols with random witness selection scheme, the required buffer storage of sensors is usually dependent on the node density, i.e., Oðpffiffiffi nÞ, while in our proposed protocol, the required buffer storage of sensors is independent of n but a function of the hop length of the network radius h, i.e., OðhÞ. Extensive simulations demonstrate that our proposed protocol can achieve long network lifetime by effectively distributing the traffic load across the network. | 2016 |
6 | Mitigating Denial of Service Attacks in OLSR Protocol Using Fictitious Nodes | With the main focus of research in routing protocols for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANET) geared towards routing efficiency, the resulting protocols tend to be vulnerable to various attacks. Over the years, emphasis has also been placed on improving the security of these networks. Different solutions have been proposed for different types of attacks, however, these solutions often compromise routing efficiency or network overload. One major DOS attack against the Optimized Link State Routing protocol (OLSR) known as the node isolation attack occurs when topological knowledge of the network is exploited by an attacker who is able to isolate the victim from the rest of the network and subsequently deny communication services to the victim. In this paper, we suggest a novel solution to defend the OLSR protocol from node isolation attack by employing the same tactics used by the attack itself. Through extensive experimentation, we demonstrate that 1) the proposed protection prevents more than 95 percent of attacks, and 2) the overhead required drastically decreases as the network size increases until it is non-discernable. Last, we suggest that this type of solution can be extended to other similar DOS attacks on OLSR. | 2016 |
7 | Timer-Based Bloom Filter Aggregation for Reducing Signaling Overhead in Distributed Mobility Management | Distributed mobility management (DMM) is a promising technology to address the mobile data traffic explosion problem. Since the location information of mobile nodes (MNs) are distributed in several mobility agents (MAs), DMM requires an additional mechanism to share the location information of MNs between MAs. In the literature, multicast or distributed hash table (DHT)-based sharing methods have been suggested; however they incur significant signaling overhead owing to unnecessary location information updates under frequent handovers. To reduce the signaling overhead, we propose a timer-based Bloom filter aggregation (TBFA) scheme for distributing the location information. In the TBFA scheme, the location information of MNs is maintained by Bloom filters at each MA. Also, since the propagation of the whole Bloom filter for every MN movement leads to high signaling overhead, each MA only propagates changed indexes in the Bloom filter when a pre-defined timer expires. To verify the performance of the TBFA scheme, we develop analytical models on the signaling overhead and the latency and devise an algorithm to select an appropriate timer value. Extensive simulation results are given to show the accuracy of analytical models and effectiveness of the TBFA scheme over the existing DMM scheme. | 2016 |
8 | Privacy-Preserving and Truthful Detection of Packet Dropping Attacks in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks | Link error and malicious packet dropping are two sources for packet losses in multi-hop wireless ad hoc network. In this paper, while observing a sequence of packet losses in the network, we are interested in determining whether the losses are caused by link errors only, or by the combined effect of link errors and malicious drop. We are especially interested in the insider-attack case, whereby malicious nodes that are part of the route exploit their knowledge of the communication context to selectively drop a small amount of packets critical to the network performance. Because the packet dropping rate in this case is comparable to the channel error rate, conventional algorithms that are based on detecting the packet loss rate cannot achieve satisfactory detection accuracy. To improve the detection accuracy, we propose to exploit the correlations between lost packets. Furthermore, to ensure truthful calculation of these correlations, we develop a homomorphic linear authenticator (HLA) based public auditing architecture that allows the detector to verify the truthfulness of the packet loss information reported by nodes. This construction is privacy preserving, collusion proof, and incurs low communication and storage overheads. To reduce the computation overhead of the baseline scheme, a packet-block-based mechanism is also proposed, which allows one to trade detection accuracy for lower computation complexity. Through extensive simulations, we verify that the proposed mechanisms achieve significantly better detection accuracy than conventional methods such as a maximum-likelihood based detection.
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2015 |
9 | Interference-Based Topology Control Algorithm for Delay-Constrained Mobile Ad Hoc Networks | As the foundation of routing, topology control should minimize the interference among nodes, and increase the network capacity. With the development of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), there is a growing requirement of quality of service (QoS) in terms of delay. In order to meet the delay requirement, it is important to consider topology control in delay constrained environment, which is contradictory to the objective of minimizing interference. In this paper, we focus on the delay-constrained topology control problem, and take into account delay and interference jointly. We propose a cross-layer distributed algorithm called interference-based topology control algorithm for delay-constrained (ITCD) MANETs with considering both the interference constraint and the delay constraint, which is different from the previous work. The transmission delay, contention delay and the queuing delay are taken into account in the proposed algorithm. Moreover, the impact of node mobility on the interference-based topology control algorithm is investigated and the unstable links are removed from the topology. The simulation results show that ITCD can reduce the delay and improve the performance effectively in delay-constrained mobile ad hoc networks. | 2015 |
10 | Cognitive Radio-Aware Transport Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks | With the proliferation of new wireless service, scarce wireless resources is expected to become a critical issue. For this reason, cognitive radio mobile ad hoc networks (CogMANET) are being developed as a promising solution to this problem. However, in CogMANET, channel switching is inherently necessary whenever a primary user with a license appears on the channel. Allowing secondary users to choose an available channel from among a wide spectrum range thus enables reliable communication in this context, but communication characteristics such as bottleneck bandwidth and RTT will change with channel switch. In response to this change, TCP has to adaptively update its congestion window (cwnd) to make an efficient use of the available resources. For this purpose, TCP CRAHN was proposed for CogMANET. In this paper, TCP CRAHN is first evaluated in cases where bottleneck bandwidth and RTT drastically change. Based on these results, TCP CoBA is proposed to further improve the throughput of the above use cases. TCP CoBA updates the cwnd based upon the available buffer space in the relay node upon channel switch, as well as other communication characteristics. Through simulations, we show that compared with TCP CRAHN, TCP CoBA improves the throughput by up to 200 percent. | 2015 |
11 | Dynamic Routing for Data Integrity and Delay Differentiated Services in Wireless Sensor Networks | Applications running on the same Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) platform usually have different Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. Two basic requirements are low delay and high data integrity. However, in most situations, these two requirements cannot be satisfied simultaneously. In this paper, based on the concept of potential in physics, we propose IDDR, a multi-path dynamic routing algorithm, to resolve this conflict. By constructing a virtual hybrid potential field, IDDR separates packets of applications with different QoS requirements according to the weight assigned to each packet, and routes them towards the sink through different paths to improve the data fidelity for integrity-sensitive applications as well as reduce the end-to-end delay for delay-sensitive ones. Using the Lyapunov drift technique, we prove that IDDR is stable. Simulation results demonstrate that IDDR provides data integrity and delay differentiated services.
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2015 |