Cloud computing is Internet-based computing, whereby shared configurable resources (e.g., infrastructure, platform, and software) are provided to computers and other devices as services . Strongly promoted by the leading industrial companies (e.g., Amazon, Google, Microsoft, IBM, etc.), cloud computing is quickly becoming popular in recent years. Applications deployed in the cloud environment (named cloud applications in this paper) are typically large scale and complex. With the rising popularity of cloud computing, how to build high-quality cloud applications becomes an urgently required research problem. Similar to traditional component-based systems, cloud applications typically involve multiple cloud components communicating with each other over application programming interfaces, such as through web services.The business process of this cloud application is composed by a number of software components, where each component fulfills a specified functionality. To outsource part of business to other companies, some of these components invoke other cloud services. These cloud services can be implemented as web services are provided and deployed in the cloud by other companies. These cloud services can also be employed by other cloud applications. Since there are a number of functionally equivalent services in the cloud, optimal service selection becomes important. In this paper, service users refer to cloud applications that use/ invoke the cloud services. In the context of a service invocation, the user-side (or client side) refers to the cloud applications and server side refers to the cloud services.
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