Automatic learning of geospatial intelligence is challenging due to the complexity of articulating knowledge from visual patterns and to the ever-increasing quantities of image data generated on a daily basis. In this setting, human inspection and annotation is subjective and, more importantly, impractical. In this letter, we propose a knowledge-discovery algorithm that uses content-based methods […]
Human Facial Expression Detection from detected in captured image using back propagation neural network
In the field of image processing it is very interesting to recognize the human gesture for general life applications. For example, observing the gesture of a driver when he/she is driving and alerting him/her when in sleepy mood will be quite useful. Human gestures can be identified by observing the different movements of eyes, mouth, […]
Drizzle: Cooperative Symbol-Level Network Coding in Multichannel Wireless Networks
Errors are inherently present in unreliable wireless channels. The primary challenge in designing error-control protocols in the medium-access control (MAC) or physical layer is to effectively maximize achievable throughput in wireless networks, even when unpredictable and time-varying errors exist. Network coding has successfully been applied to improve throughput in IEEE 802.11-based wireless networks with a […]
Hierarchically Distributed Peer-to-Peer Document Clustering and Cluster Summarization
In distributed data mining, adopting a flat node distribution model can affect scalability. To address the problem of modularity, flexibility and scalability, we propose a Hierarchically-distributed Peer-to-Peer (HP2PC) architecture and clustering algorithm. The architecture is based on a multi-layer overlay network of peer neighborhoods. Supernodes, which act as representatives of neighborhoods, are recursively grouped to […]
An Improvement in Apriori Algorithm Using Profit and Quantity
Association rule mining has been an area of active research in the field of knowledge discovery and numerous algorithms have been developed to this end. Of late, data mining researchers have improved upon the quality of association rule mining for business development by incorporating the influential factors like value (utility), quantity of items sold (weight) […]
Adaptive Routing in Dynamic Ad Hoc Networks
Dynamic ad hoc networks are mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) where network characteristics, such as network density and node mobility, change significantly over time and space. Sometimes, dynamic ad hoc networks resemble a dense ad hoc network. At other times, they resemble a delay tolerant network. Many real networks follow the paradigm of dynamic ad […]
A blind CFO estimator based on smoothing power spectrum for OFDM systems
Carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation is a critical problem in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. This letter proposes a blind CFO estimator based on smoothing the signal power spectrum. A closed-form CFO estimate is also presented, which greatly reduces the computational complexity of the proposed method. Analysis and simulation results show that the proposed estimator […]
Time-Domain Signal Detection Based on Second-Order Statistics for MIMO-OFDM Systems
In this paper, a time-domain signal detection algorithm based on second-order statistics (SOS) is proposed for multiple input-multiple output (MIMO)-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems over frequency selective fading channels. A new system model in which the ith received OFDM block is left shifted by J samples is introduced. Based on some structural properties of […]
Coding Schemes Applied to Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) Reduction in OFDM Systems
High PAPR of the transmitted signal is a major drawback in the OFDM systems. In this paper, coding schemes are proposed to reduce high PAPR One is using parity check coding scheme, and the other is using selected mapping (SLM) applied scheme. With parity check coding scheme, the parity information is used to expand the […]
DNA secret writing techniques
The paper presents the principles of bio molecular computation (BMC) and several algorithms for DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) steganography and cryptography: One-Time-Pad (OTP), DNA XOR OTP and DNA chromosomes indexing. It represents a synthesis of our work in the field, sustained by former referred publications. Experimental results obtained using Matlab Bioinformatics Toolbox and conclusions are ending […]